according to 根据/依据
according to是一个短语介词,意思是“按照或根据”。例如:
He will be punished according to the seriousness of his crime.
他所受的惩罚要根据其犯罪的严重程度而定。
I will take the medicine according to the instruction.
我会按说明来服药的。
我们又常常会碰到”according as“这一短语,那么这两者又有何联系呢?according as 是短语从属连词,后接从句。作“根据……而”或 “视……而定”解。例如:
You will be praised or blamed according as your work is good or not.
根据你的工作表现好坏,将给予奖励或惩罚 。
当然According as 使用频率其实远低于According to, 它们的细微区别通常是:According to 是强调依照,按照某种规则或约定去操作,强调具体操作过程的依据;而According as 更强调具体操作的方向,如:做或不做;奖励或惩罚。另外,According to 是介词短语,后面可以直接加名词。According as 是连词,接句子;
According to 还有一个变体,大家需要能够认识,那就是In accordance with … 。后者更加正式,通常被用于合同,法律文档或科普文章。比如,Any dispute shall be settled in accordance with the Law 任何争端的将按照法律解决。
当然,为表达“依据,根据”这一含义,其实在商务英语及邮件信函中,使用得更加频繁的其实是As per。
Amendments are acceptable as per the requests of customers. 可依据客户需求进行调整。